(Keren D, McCoy JP, Carey J: Flow Cytometry in Clinical Diagnosis. Immunophenotyping is widely used for the following reasons: To differentiate between: Acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemia B and T cell lymphoid neoplasms such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and. Abnormal patterns of expression for at least one antigen was found in 91% of RA/RARS cases and in 74% of RAEB. Korean J Lab Med. In these cases, LSC analysis is a methodology of choice because of its low sample requirements. Immunophenotyping by flow cytometry is a laboratory method that detects the presence or absence of white blood cell (WBC) markers called antigens. 2020 Oct 9;12(10):2900. doi: 10.3390/cancers12102900. An official website of the United States government. The .gov means its official. -TCL-1 break-apart at 14q32, to exclude T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia in cases with CD4-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (phenotypic aberrancy or very tight CD4+ population with high CD4:CD8 ratio). Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is defined as a laboratory abnormality where small (<5 x 10(9)/L) clonal B-cell populations are detected in the peripheral blood of otherwise healthy subjects. Unit Code 3287: Leukemia/Lymphoma Immunophenotyping by Flow Cytometry. Immunophenotype is a key parameter that is very valuable in predicting response to treatment as well as survival rates. Phenotypic analysis by flow cytometry of surface immunoglobulin light chains and B and T cell antigens in lymph nodes involved with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. If you have a leukemia or lymphoma, routine tests such as a complete blood count (CBC) and a WBC differentialmay show an increased number of white blood cells with a predominance of one type. If no abnormalities are detected by the initial panel, no further flow cytometric assessment will be performed unless otherwise indicated by specific features of the clinical presentation or prior laboratory results. Rarely, no overt immunophenotypic abnormality will be present at diagnosis, and in these cases, the sensitivity of flow cytometric evaluation for minimal residual disease may be greatly reduced. The results of this study were compared with other clinical and biological features. al. CSF cytology was negative for malignant cells. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Copyright 2013 Integrity Aesthetic & Wellness Center. Blood Tests. There is no diagnostic immunophenotypic evidence of a lymphoproliferative disorder or abnormal myeloblast proliferation in . Initial evaluation of . The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Torpy, J. Web: mayocliniclabs.com: Email: mcl@mayo.edu: Telephone: 800-533-1710: International: +1 855-379-3115: Values are valid only on day of printing For the individual abnormalities detected for each of the 27 immunophenotypic variables analyzed, a score was defined. Jevremovic D, Dronca RS, Morice WG, et al: CD5+ B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders: Beyond chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma. Atypical or abnormal cells can demonstrate . The testing process begins with a screening panel. An absolute CD8+ lymphocytosis correlates with disease progression and low expression of CD4 and CD8 (as found in autoimmune disease) Mayo Clinic Mayo Medical Laboratories [On-line information]. American Cancer Society. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. By Samuel Pirruccello. Abnormal spacing of fully erupted tooth or teeth NOS; Displacement of fully erupted tooth or teeth NOS; Transposition of fully erupted . Correlation of cytogenetic findings with clinical features in 18 patients with inv(3)(q21q26) or t(3;3)(q21;q26). Retrieved on March 04, 2023 from https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Immunophenotyping.aspx. This approach, called immunohistochemistry, is used every day for some leukemia and lymphoma markers and other types of cancer. The overall incidence of different immunophenotypic aberrancies among the 44 MF/SS patients is summarized in Table 1. . Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. 1985 Aug 29;313(9):539-44 In this example, abnormal CD34-positive blasts show uniform expression of CD56 and partial expression of CD7. no immunophenotypic abnormalities detected FREE COVID TEST lansing school district spring break 2021 Book Appointment Now. As the number of abnormal cells increases in the bone marrow, they may crowd out and inhibit the production of normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets, and eventually abnormal cells may also be released into the blood. If abnormal cells are present in the bloodstream, a blood sample is often used for flow cytometry immunophenotyping as it is easy to obtain and less invasive than other collection methods. eCollection 2022. Higher CD34 positivity was found in LymAg (+) group (77.2%) than in LymAg (-) group (48.0%). No abnormalities were detected for the other phenotypic markers analyzed, . This test will be processed as a laboratory consultation. The site is secure. eCollection 2016. Jevremovic D, Olteanu H: Flow cytometry applications in the diagnosis of T/NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Viability 7AAD: 99%. (+632) 7110427 | (+632) 7110383 Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Now, if an adult has a small number of mature B cells but also has a large number of immature B cells which are positive for CD19 (remember, CD19 is a B-cell marker) and also positive for both CD34 and CD20 (which identifies those cells are both immature and abnormal), then the personhasan immature B-cell leukemia known as B-lymphoblastic leukemia. https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Immunophenotyping.aspx. Morphologic evaluation and flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis revealed no evidence of plasma cell neoplasm involving the BM. This study prospectively analysed the relationships between immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features of blast cells in 432 acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias (ANLL) at presentation. This technique also helps identify or confirm the cell of origin in non-hematopoietic neoplasia. Earlier studies demonstrated that flow cytometric abnormalities are detected in multiple lineages (3-6) and correlate with morphology and cytogenetics (4,6). The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). and transmitted securely. Leuk Res. Mature B cells are normally positive for CD20 but not CD34. This can happen spontaneously. Furthermore, these findings can also be seen I got thre results today, which were "no significant abnormalities". Type and frequency of immunophenotypic alterations detected on PB platelets from MDS patients (n = 44) versus normal control subjects (n=20). Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Send whole blood specimen in original tube. MeSH terms Chromosome Aberrations A ONECARE MEDIA COMPANY. Map Of Southern Maine And New Hampshire, . It may be because the markers of interest are not available for flow cytometryor because fresh cells or tissue are not available (a requirement for flow cytometry immunophenotyping). For spinal fluid specimens: spinal fluid cell and differential counts are required. ( 19952014). For bone marrow specimens being evaluated for possible involvement by a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN), including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), order MYEFL / Myelodysplastic Syndrome by Flow Cytometry, Bone Marrow. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. (Reviewed 2013 July 10). Blood Adv. The .gov means its official. Adult aggressive natural killer cell leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. Currently, the diagnosis of ANKL remains challenging. News-Medical. This case suggested that chromosomal alterations may precede morphological, flow cytometric and clinical changes and accelerate progression of the disease. Accessibility degree in Chemistry and Master of Science (M.Sc) degree in Biochemistry from the University of Calicut, India. 1998 Feb;109(2):211-20. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/109.2.211. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Wu, A. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase protein was detected in about 33% (3/9) of ALCLs examined by flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI); expression was validated by immunohistochemical analysis. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies In this interview, AZoM speaks to Rohan Thakur, the President of Life Science Mass Spectrometry at Bruker, about what the opportunities of the market are and how Bruker is planning on rising to the challenge. However, treatment with chemotherapy may eliminate the abnormal cells, and if treatment is successful, normal white blood cells (WBCs) will replace abnormal cells. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping may be ordered when you have an increased number of lymphocytes (or sometimes an increase in another type of white blood cell, WBC), anemia, a decreased platelet count, or immature WBCs that are not normally seen in the blood. American Cancer Society: Tests for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL), CD19, CD20, CD22, CD79a, immunoglobulin light chains (kappa or lambda), CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7, and either CD4 or CD8, Megakaryocytic differentiation; Platelets, Red blood cell (erythroid) differentiation, To predict how aggressive the cancer will be, To predict whether the cancer will respond to certain treatment, To help determine whether treatment of leukemia or lymphoma has been successful, To determine whether the disease remains despite treatment (residual disease) or has come back after successful treatment (recurrent disease), Shortness of breath during normal physical activity, Enlarged lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidneys, and/or testicles. Available online at https://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Overview/3287. Sometimes, a tissue sample, such as from a lymph node, is obtained using a biopsy or fine needle aspiration (FNA) procedure. Epub 2009 Sep 24. (Updated 2011 March 13). Both mature and immature B cells are normally positive for the CD19 marker. The prognostic value of immunophenotyping in AML is controversial [ 3]. Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway Inhibition Leads to AML Cell Differentiation and Cell Death. Available online at https://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/content/111/8/3941.full. low reading R03.1 . The triage panel also includes antibodies to assess the number of CD3-positive T cells and CD16-positive/CD3-negative natural killer (NK) cells present. In addition to reflexing flow cytometric panels, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing for PML-RARA translocation t(15;17) may be added by the Mayo Clinic pathologist to exclude acute promyelocytic leukemia if there is morphologic suspicion or if blasts and promyelocytes are CD34-negative and HLA-DR-negative. ( 2006). no immunophenotypic abnormalities detected, failed to save changes to sbc squad companion app. By continuing to browse this site you agree to our use of cookies. Flow Cytometric Immunophenotyping Is Sensitive for the Early Diagnosis of De Novo Aggressive Natural Killer Cell Leukemia (ANKL): A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis. It depends. Flow lymphoma is used in the case of lymphoid neoplasms or when a lymphoid origin is suspected on the basis of cell morphology after staining. -A monoclonal Kappa B-cell population co-expression CD5, CD11c and CD23 is present. 1. Bahler, D. (Updated 2011 February). The abnormal cells grow, but they do not fight infections or perform other functions like normal WBCs. If no abnormalities are detected by the initial panel, no further flow cytometric assessment will be performed unless otherwise indicated by specific features of the clinical presentation or prior laboratory results. government site. The data of CLONEPnh archive show that the analysis carried out were: 13 in 2010, 16 in 2011, 28 in 2012 and 12 in first six months of 2013 and new PNH clones detected were 1, 0, 1 and 1 respectively. Szary syndrome with multiple immunophenotypic aberrancies in tumor cells. Cytogenetic FISH Studies: -CCND1/IGH translocation t(11;14), to exclude mantle cell lymphoma in cases of CD5+CD23- B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. In the current study, we report the clinical, laboratory, immunophenotypic, and genetic findings from 29 cases of de novo ANKL in a single center and evaluate the relative contribution of these features to the diagnosis of ANKL. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Aggressive natural killer (NK) cell leukemia (ANKL) is a systemic neoplastic proliferation of NK cells with an aggressive clinical course. Additional FISH or molecular testing may be recommended by the Mayo pathologist to facilitate diagnosis. If no abnormalities are detected by the initial panel, no further flow cytometric assessment will be performed unless otherwise indicated by specific features of the clinical presentation or prior laboratory results. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?cdrid=341450, http://www.nature.com/leu/journal/v20/n7/full/2404242a.html, http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/96/3/870?sso-checked=true. 1. Would you like email updates of new search results? Accessed April 2011. Medeiros BC, Kohrt HE, Arber DA, Bangs CD, Cherry AM, Majeti R, Kogel KE, Azar CA, Patel S, Alizadeh AA. If cell count is less than 10 cells/mcL, a larger volume of spinal fluid may be required. eCollection 2019. In patients with RAEB-t and CMML no CD34+ B-cell precursors could be detected. These newer treatments may have reduced side effects compared to conventional chemotherapy (newer targeted therapies are usually added to traditional chemotherapy). Szary syndrome with multiple immunophenotypic aberrancies in tumor cells. Accessibility The site is secure. Novel Biological Insights and New Developments in Management of Burkitt Lymphoma and High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma. CD20 is a marker of maturity and CD34 is a marker of immaturity. Leuk Lymphoma. The results of flow cytometry or immunocytochemistry should always be interpreted along with the available medical history, clinical signs, imaging findings, and pathologic results of individual cases. Cytometry B Clin Cytom. Application of these criteria to a series of nearly 500 cases of lymphoma indicated that over 90% of B-lineage and about 80% of T-lineage neoplasms manifested immunophenotypic abnormalities that could distinguish them from benign, reactive lymphoid processes. If no abnormalities are detected by the initial panel, no further flow cytometric assessment will be performed unless otherwise indicated by specific features of the clinical presentation or prior laboratory results. An abnormal karyotype was detected in 232 cases (54%). This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. Among B-lineage populations the following features were associated with malignant histology: 1) light-chain-restricted B lineage, 2) light chain -B lineage, 3) Leu-1+ B lineage, 4) L60+ B lineage, 5) 41H+, Ki-67+ B lineage, 6) loss of pan-B antigens, and 7) LFA-1-B lineage. It is concluded that immunophenotypic analysis of lymphoproliferative lesions is sufficiently sensitive and specific to confirm the histologic diagnosis of lymphoma in the vast majority of cases seen in clinical practice. While hundreds of antigens have been identified and have a unique CD number, only a small number of these are routinely used. Body fluid samples are obtained through collection of the fluid in a container or by inserting a needle into the body cavity and aspirating a portion of the fluid with a syringe. Bookshelf on this website is designed to support, not to replace the relationship
The triage panel is initially performed to evaluate for monotypic B cells by kappa and lambda light chain expression, increased numbers of blast cells by CD34 and CD45 expression along with side scatter gating, and increased plasma cells by CD45 expression and side scatter gating. Available online at https://www.arupconsult.com/Topics/LymphomaPhenotyping.html. Integrity Aesthetic Building, 788 Banawe Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines Disclaimer. This test is appropriate for hematopoietic specimens only. Medscape Hematology. Kanwar, V. et. 1985 Oct;66(4):848-58 Leukemic myeloblasts expressed many leukocyte differentiation antigens, thus reflecting association with myeloid lineage and maturation level. Available online at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2954680/. MDS is distinguished from other disease processes by a pattern of multiple myeloid immunophenotypic abnormalities (3-6). or negative if no abnormal population was detected. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158827. Methods: Morphologic evaluation, flow cytometry immunophenotypic studies . Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as a primary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is extremely unusual. It can be used for identifying the lineage of the cell in smears of tissues with suspected lymphoma or histocytic sarcoma. Cheriyedath, Susha. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection progresses to aggressive NK cell leukemia with a poor prognosis. and transmitted securely. The third parameter for assessing dysplasia by flow cytometry is maturation pattern of granulocytes on CD13/CD16 plot. Am J Clin Pathol. Antibodies are made up of chains of protein : 2 long (heavy) chains and 2 shorter (light) chains. All Rights Reserved. If possible, fluids other than spinal fluid should be anticoagulated with heparin (1 U/mL of fluid). Available online at https://www.clinchem.org/cgi/content/full/46/8/1221. More info. Immunophenotyping, a common application in flow cytometry, allows multiple cell surface markers to be simultaneously characterized on a per-cell basis.Immunophenotyping can be difficult by flow cytometry, however, when only a small number of cells are available. These abnormalities were related to immunophenotypic markers as detected using a consensual panel of monoclonal antibodies allowing lineage assignment and investigation of myeloid marker expression on blast cells. She just said I needed another pap in 6 months. A comparison of MBL with overt chronic lymphoproliferations revealed common aspects in the preclinical state, regarding both the kind of cytogenetic aberrations detected and . 1985 Aug 29;313(9):534-8 Smaller volumes can be used if there is a high cell count. Although the World Health Organization classification of AML takes into account immunophenotypic features, the criteria for the same in monocytic AML is not clearly defined. The referring physician or pathologist will be contacted to confirm the addition of any of these tests. Usually, 1 to 1.5 mL of spinal fluid is sufficient. Anders PM, Montgomery ND, Montgomery SA, Bhatt AP, Dittmer DP, Damania B. J Clin Invest. The .gov means its official. Williams and Wilkins Inc; 1994:939-969, 3. Jaffe, E. et. These antibodies were often linked with a fluorescent or a chemical indicator that would make these abnormal cells visible when observed under a microscope. Two or more immunophenotypic abnormalities were detected in 49 of 81 RCC patients (60%), and in 2 of 17 (v)SAA patients (12%). An official website of the United States government. Grave Encounters What Happened To Kenny, Testing may be done when you have signs and symptoms of leukemia and lymphoma, though they may be unremarkable, mild, or nonspecific early in the disease. The present results further confirm that IGH@ rearrangement is not a rare genomic abnormality in B-CLL, and also show both that t(14;19)(q32;q13.2) is the most common cytogenetic change involving IGH@ rearrangement detected by FISH in B-CLL and that IGH@ rearrangement is correlated with CD38 expression. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping is a valuable addition to morphology in the diagnosis of MDS in adults.7 Abnormalities detected by flow cytometry in myelomonocytic, . Would you like email updates of new search results? (2016 February 3, Revised). Trisomy 12 is the second most frequent aberration detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization at the time of diagnosis (10-25%), and it confers an . The site is secure. The t(14;19)(q32;q13) involving the IGH@ and BCL3 loci is an infrequent cytogenetic abnormality detected in B-cell malignancies. An abnormal karyotype was detected in 232 cases (54%). B-cell leukemia/lymphoma panel. If additional testing is required, it will be added per the algorithm to fully characterize a disease state with a charge per unique antibody tested. More practically, and although the relationships demonstrated only represent a fraction of homogeneous immunophenotypic subgroups, identification of such immunophenotypic features should prompt careful karyotypic examination, eventually using molecular biology analysis on non-growing cells. Abnormal karyotypes were detected in 76 out of 125 (60.8%). It's also used to diagnose and classify leukemia or lymphoma. No flow cytometric abnormalities were detected in CD4-positive T-cells from 10 control patients without lymphoproliferative disorders. Cheriyedath, Susha. ARUP Consult. Careers. Epub 2012 Sep 20. (2009 January 28). As part of her masters degree, she specialized in Biochemistry, with an emphasis on Microbiology, Physiology, Biotechnology, and Nutrition. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Epub 2018 May 7. al. Leukemia & Lymphoma Society [On-line information]. CD34 cells can be detected in cord blood, bone marrow and in the peripheral blood of normal subjects, where they constitute respectively about 1.5% and 0.1-0.01% of the elements . The results from your immunophenotyping are compared to the pattern of antigens for normal cells as well as to patterns that are associated with abnormal cells (e.g., cells present with leukemias and lymphomas). A laboratory report will typically include specific results from the tests as well as an analysis of what those results mean. This category is to be used to record an episode of elevated blood pressure in a patient in whom no formal diagnosis of hypertension has been made, or as an isolated incidental finding. Based on these findings, we provide an objective marker based on clinical data for the definite diagnosis of ANKL. with these terms and conditions. The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of News Medical. Flow cytometry is generally used to determine cell lineage in leukemia and lymphoma. Cheriyedath, Susha. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. According to the immunophenotype, MBL is labeled as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)-like (75% of cases), atypical CLL, and CD5-negative. News-Medical. Using a method of analysis relying solely on immunoarchitectural features of a given case, the authors were able to define immunologic criteria capable of differentiating benign from malignant lymphoid processes independent from conventional morphologic analysis. Acute Leukemia. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the gayle telfer stevens husband Order Supplement. Specimen Stability Information: Ambient/Refrigerated < or =96 hours, Slides: If possible, include 5 to 10 unstained bone marrow aspirate smears labeled with two unique identifiers. 2010 May;34(5):594-7. doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.08.029. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping performed on this bone marrow specimen demonstrated a small polytypic plasma cell population with no immunophenotypic abnormalities except the anticipated CD38 negativity due to the effect of daratumumab. You may have (or lack) certain antigens that are typically seen, yet you may still be diagnosed with a specific type of leukemia or lymphoma. In this interview, we speak to Ceri Wiggins, a Director at AstraZeneca, about the many applications of CRISPR and its role in discovering new COPD therapies. This abnormal protein is known by several different names, including monoclonal immunoglobulin, monoclonal protein (M protein), M spike, or paraprotein. If no abnormalities are detected by the initial panel, no further flow cytometric assessment will be performed unless otherwise indicated by specific features of the clinical presentation or prior laboratory results. -, N Engl J Med. [Importance of cytogenetics in the study of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemias]. Lamb, A. et. Flow cytometry immunophenotyping is used primarily to help diagnose and classify blood cell cancers (leukemias and lymphomas) and to help guide their treatment. government site. Most of the antigens that flow cytometry immunophenotyping detects are identified by a CD (clusters of differentiation or cluster designation) number. Accessed April 2011. Specimen Stability Information: Refrigerated < or =96 hours. (Reviewed 2010 December). (2012 February 17). No immunophenotypic myeloid abnormalities were detected in the healthy donor bone marrow aspirates or in the 10 remission bone marrow aspirates from patients with a history of nonmyeloid neoplasia (Table 3). Sometimes lymphomas also involve the blood and/or bone marrow. 8600 Rockville Pike Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. [On-line information]. Leuk Res. Khalidi HS, Medeiros LJ, Chang KL, Brynes RK, Slovak ML, Arber DA. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Disclaimer. Our results present evidences of an abnormal B-cell maturation in MDS. Wittwera, C. and Brown, M. (2000). Maturation-associated immunophenotypic abnormalities in bone marrow Background: Atypical lymphocytosis is a common peripheral blood abnormality seen not only in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated acute infectious mononucleosis but also in other conditions, including other viral infections, cancer, immune . Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals [On-line information]. Maturation-associated immunophenotypic abnormalities in bone marrow B-lymphocytes in myelodysplastic syndromes 7 In summary, blasts of AMoL can be. Immunophenotyping is widely used to identify and classify AML. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping is of great value to diagnosis of natural killer cell neoplasms involving bone marrow and peripheral blood. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Available online at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003518.htm. Tel19p/19q used to detect copy number abnormalities of chromosome 19, reveal a hybridization pattern within normal limits in 200 analyzed nuclei. Classification of MDS patients according to the patterns of expression of multiple. However, lymphoma cells may or may not find their way to the bloodstream and might require other collection techniques. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping for hematologic neoplasms. A total of 192 Chinese patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. In the present study, we describe both quantitative and qualitative immunophenotypic abnormalities involving BM B-cells in MDS patients. Pertinent clinical history including reason for testing or clinical indication. First, the CD45/linear side scatter gating of flow cytometry allows the initial identification of neoplastic subpopulations for additional immunophenotypic analysis in half of ANKL cases. Pp 1633-1711. The pivotal role of cytotoxic NK cells in mediating the therapeutic effect of anti-CD47 therapy in mycosis fungoides. The lady explained that that meant I didn't have anything preconcerous, but she didn't see to know what it DID mean. Quest Diagnostics [On-line information]. Accessed April 2011. For solid tissue specimens, order LLPT / Leukemia/Lymphoma Immunophenotyping, Flow Cytometry, Tissue.
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